Carpinus caroliniana

• BOTANICAL NAME: Carpinus caroliniana
• .
• Carpinus betulus
• PRONUNCIATION: car-PINE-us
• COMMON NAME: European Hornbeam
• FAMILY: Betulaceae
• NATIVITY: Europe, Asia minor, south east of England.
• GROWTH HABIT: Pyramidal to rounded in youth, oval-rounded when mature. 40 to 60' high and 30 to 40' wide.
• HARDINESS: Zone (4)5 - 7.
• CULTURE: Prefer full sun, will tolerate part shade. It has a wide range tolerance of soil: light to heavy, acid to alkaline, prefer well drained soil.
• LANDSCAPE USE:Screens hedge grouping.
• FOLIAGE: Alternate, simple, 2.5 to 5" long, 1 to 2" wide, ovate to ovate-oblong shape foliage, apex is short pointed, sharply doubly serrate margin, base cordate or rounded. Yellow or yellow-green fall color.
• BUDS: imbricate angular- conical, brownish to reddish, scale with soft pubescence,  1/4 to 1/3"long,
• BARK: Smooth, steel gray, fluted.
• FLOWERS: Monoecious. Male: invisible, the male catkins 1 1/2"long, female catkins about 1.5 to 3" long. April.
• FRUIT: Net ribbed 1/4" long, mature about September to October.
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