GROWTH HABIT: Upright oval to arching habit; dense growth.
SIZE: 6-10' if left unpruned
HARDINESS: Zone 6-8
CULTURE: Full sun, for dense habit. Well drained soils. Appears to have considerable heat tolerance.
LANDSCAPE USE: Specimen plant in small gardens and group plantings Also makes ab excellent hedge or barrier plant due to the stiff branches and the lethal thorns. A bird-attracting plant
BARK: Stems yellow brown in color with bright yellow inner bark. Stems armed with 1/2 - 1 1/4" long, three parted spines.
FLOWERS: Borne in the axils of the leaves in groups of 8 - 15, about 1/4" each. The clear yellow flowers have a mild fragrance that is desirable but the evergreen foliage hides much of the floral display in March - April.
FRUIT: Black but covered with a glacous bloom. Oval and 1/4" long.