1. ENVIRONMENTAL SOIL CHEMISTRY: AN OVERVIEW - Evolution of Soil Chemistry
- Global Environmental Challanges:Nexus Between Soil, Water, Food and Climate
Contaminants in Soils and Water
- Molecular Environmental Soil Chemistry
2. INORGANIC SOIL COMPONENTS - Introduction
- Pauling's Rules
- Primary Soil Minerals
- Secondary Soil Minerals
- Specific Surface of Soil Minerals
- Surface Charge of Soil Minerals
- Identification of Minerals by X-Ray Diffraction
- Use of Clay Minerals to Retain Organic Chemicals
3. CHEMISTRY OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER - Introduction
- Effects of Soil Formation Factors on SOM Contents
Carbon Sequestration
- Composition of SOM
- Fractionation of SOM
- SOM Structure
- Functional Groups and Charge Characteristics
- Humic Substance-Metal Interactions
- SOM-Clay Complexes
- Retention of Pesticides and Other Organic Substances by Humic Substances
4. SOIL SOLUTION-SOLID PHASE EQUILIBRIA - Introduction
- Measurement of the Soil Solution
- Speciation of the Soil Solution
- Ion Activity and Activity Coefficients
- Dissolution and Solubility Processes
5. SORPTION PHENOMENA ON SOILS - Introduction and Terminology
- Surface Functional Groups
- Surface Complexes
- Adsorption Isotherms
- Equilibrium-Based Adsorption Models
- Speciation of Soils
- Sorption of Metal Cations
- Sorption of Anions
- Surface Precipitation
- Speciation of Soils
- Points of Zero Charge
6. ION EXCHANGE PROCESSES - Introduction
- Characteristics of Ion Exchange
- Cation Exchange Equilibrium Constants and Selectivity Coefficients
- Thermodynamics of Ion Exchange
- Relationship between Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Ion Exchange
7. KINETICS OF SOIL CHEMICAL PROCESSES - Rate-Limiting Steps and Time Scales of Soil Chemical Reactions
- Rate Laws
- Determination of Reaction Order and Rate Constants
- Multiple Site Models
- Kinetic Methodologies
- Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rates
- Kinetics of Important Soil Chemical Processes
8. REDOX CHEMISTRY OF SOILS - Oxidation-Reduction Reactions and Potentials
- Eh vs pH and pe vs pH Diagrams
- Measurement and Use of Redox Potentials
- Submerged Soils
- Redox Reactions Involving Inorganic and Organic Pollutants
9. THE CHEMISTRY OF SOIL ACIDITY - Introduction
- Historical Perspective of Soil Acidity
- Solution Chemistry of Aluminum
- Exchangeable and Nonexchangeable Aluminum
- Soil Acidity
- Liming Soils
10. THE CHEMISTRY OF SALINE AND SODIC SOILS - Introduction
- Causes of Soil Salinity
- Sources of Soluble Salts
- Important Salinity and Sodicity Parameters
- Classification and Reclamation of Saline and Sodic Soils
- Effects of Soil Salinity and Sodicity on Soil Structural Properties
- Effects of Soil Salinity on Plant Growth
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