Family Cixiidae

Subfamily Cixiinae

Tribe Pentastirini Emeljanov, 1971

Genus Reptalus Emeljanov, 1971

Type species (in original combination): Cixius quinquecostatus DuFour, 1833.

Synonyms: None.

Distribution: Palearctic and southwest US.

Recognized species

Subgenera

Reptalus (Reptalus) Emeljanov, 1971
Reptalus (Trepalus) Emeljanov, 1995 (Type species Oliarus rufocarinatus Kusnezov, 1937)

There are three species north of Mexico as follows:

Reptalus beirnei Emeljanov, 1978 - USA: CA, OR, WA; CAN: BC
    = Oliarus artemesiae Beirne, 1950c: 94-96 (preoccupied, nec. Matsumura 1914).
    = Reptalus beirnei Emeljanov, 1978; replacement name for unavailable Oliarus artemesiae Beirne, 1950c by Emeljanov 1978: 223.
    = Oliarus beirnei Mead & Kramer, 1982; 499; replacement name for preoccupied Oliarus artemesiae Beirne, 1950c (nec. Matsumura 1914); syn. by Emeljanov 2001: 122.
Reptalus exoptatus (Van Duzee, 1917a) - USA: CA, CO, ID, NV, UT, WY; CAN: BC
    = Oliarus exoptatus Van Duzee, 1917a: 308.
    = Reptalus exoptatus (Van Duzee, 1917a); comb. by Emeljanov 2001: 122.
Reptalus fidus Van Duzee, 1914 - USA: CA
    = Oliarus fidus Van Duzee, 1914: 37.
    = Reptalus fidus (Van Duzee, 1914); comb. by Emeljanov 2001: 122.

Palearctic species: There are about 29 Palearctic species as follows (from FLOW)

Reptalus (Reptalus) iguchii (Matsumura, 1914)
Reptalus apiculatus (Fieber, 1876)
Reptalus arcbogdulus (Dlabola, 1985)
Reptalus atlassicus Dlabola, 1989
Reptalus basiprocessus Guo & Wang, 2007
Reptalus concolor (Fieber, 1876)
Reptalus corpulentus Emeljanov, 1978
Reptalus cuspidatus (Fieber, 1876)
Reptalus dagestanicus (Kusnezov, 1937)
Reptalus eremica Dlabola, 1985
Reptalus estremadura Dlabola, 1988
Reptalus flavinervis (Kusnezov, 1937)
Reptalus heirnei Emeljanov, 1978
Reptalus horrida (Linnavuori, 1962)
Reptalus melanochaeta (Fieber, 1876)
Reptalus melanochaetus (Fieber, 1876)
Reptalus nigricollis (Kusnezov, 1935)
Reptalus nigronervosus (Kusnezov, 1937)
Reptalus noahi Emeljanov, 1995
Reptalus oleae Dlabola, 1987
Reptalus panzeri (Löw, 1883)
Reptalus quadricinctus (Matsumura, 1914)
Reptalus quinquecostatus (Dufour, 1833)
Reptalus rhodosica (Dlabola, 1980)
Reptalus rufocarinatus (Kusnezov, 1937)
Reptalus shul Dlabola, 1985
Reptalus venustus (Logvinenko, 1969)
Reptalus vilbastei Logvinenko, 1975
Reptalus ziaran Dlabola, 1985

Economic Importance:

Reptalus panzeri (and other Reptalus) are evidently vectors of stolbur phytoplasma in vineyards.

Known host plants: 

None in Wilson et al. (1994), although it is evident that several European Reptalus feed on grape.

Hosts from Wilson et al. 1994; plant names from USDA PLANTS or Tropicos.

Recognition:

With lateral spines on hind tibiae, mesonotum with 5 carinae, posterior margin of vertex angularly incised, 10 or more teeth at the apex of the first hind tarsomere.

Reptalus beirni (all photographs by Kimberley Shropshire, University of Delaware)

Reptalus exoptatus

Collecting

[?]

Molecular resources: As of this writing, there are no molecular data for this genus on Barcode of Life or Genbank.

Selected references:

Bagnoli, B. and E. Gargani. 2010. Bio-ethological observations on Reptalus quinquecostatus and its relationship with stolbur phytoplasma in Tuscany vineyards. In: A. Bertaccini, A. Laviña and E. Torres (eds.). Current status and perspectives of phytoplasma disease research and management. Abstracts of COST Action FA0807 Meeting 1-2 February 2010 in Sitges, Spain. P. 43. pdf

Bertin, S., L. Picciau, Z. Ács, A. Alma, and D. Bosco. 2009. Molecular markers provide new tools for the identification of Hyalesthes and Reptalus species (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cixiidae). In: 5th European Hemiptera Congress, 31 August–4 September 2009, Velence, Hungary – Abstracts. p. 12-13. pdf

Bertin, S., L. Picciau, Z. Ács, A. Alma, and D. Bosco. 2009. Molecular differentiation of four Reptalus species (Hemiptera: Cixiidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research doi:10.1017/S0007485309990605 Published online by Cambridge University Press 17 February 2010.

Bertin, S., L. Picciau, Z. Ács, A. Alma, and D. Bosco. 2010. Molecular differentiation of four Reptalus species (Hemiptera: Cixiidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 100(5): 551-558.

Emeljanov, A. F. 1971. New genera of leafhoppers of the families Cixiidae and Issidae (Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha) in the USSR. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 50: 619-627 [In Russian].

Emeljanov, A. F. 1978. New genera and species of leafhoppers (Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha) from the USSR and Mongolia. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 57(2): 316-332 [In Russian].

Emeljanov, A. F. 1995 The new taxa of the tribe Pentastirini (Homoptera, Cixiidae) from Palaearctic. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 74(9): 73-89 [English translation Entomological Review 75(5): 129-145.].

Guo Hong-Wei & Wang Y.-L. 2007. Taxonomic Study on the Genus Reptalus (Hemiptera: Cixiidae: Pentastirini) from China with description of a new species. Entomotaxonomia 29(4): 275-280.

Jovic, J., T. Cvrkovic, M. Mitrovic, S. Krnjajic, A. Petrovic, M.G. Redinbaugh, R.C. Pratt, S.A. Hogenhout, and I. Tosevski. 2007. Maize redness in Serbia caused by stolbur phytoplasma is transmitted by Reptalus panzeri. Bulletin of Insectology 60(2): 397-398.

Jovic, J., T. Cvrkovic, M. Mitrovic, S. Krnjajic, A. Petrovic, M.G. Redinbaugh, S.A. Hogenhout, and I. Tosevski. 2009. Stolbur Phytoplasma Transmission to Maize by Reptalus panzeri and the Disease Cycle of Maize Redness in Serbia. Phytopathology 99(9): 1053-1061.

Jović, J., T. Cvrković, M. Mitrović, S. Krnjajić, M.G. Redinbaugh, R.C. Pratt, R.E. Gingery, S.A. Hogenhout, ans I. and Toševski. 2007. Roles of stolbur phytoplasma and Reptalus panzeri (Cixiinae, Auchenorrhyncha) in the epidemiology of Maize redness in Serbia. European Journal of Plant Pathology 118: 85-89.

Kalkandelen, A. 1994. Taxonomic study on the species Cixiidae (Homoptera) from Turkiye, 7. Pentastirini: Reptalus Emelyanov Bitki Koruma Bulteni 34(1-2): 1-21.

Kramer, J. P. 1983. Taxonomic study of the planthopper family Cixiidae in the United States (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 109: 1-57.

Mozaffariyan, F., M. Taqi Zadeh, S. Sajedi, A.Al-F. Haji Esmaeiliyan, and M.R. Ne`matiyan. 2008. Investigations on the fauna of cicadas, spittlebugs, leafhoppers, treehoppers and planthoppers in region 1, including Tehran, Semnan, Ghom and some parts of Ghazvin and Markazi provinces (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha). Plant Protection Reseach Institute, Tehran, Iran.

Palermo, S., M. Elekes, S. Botti, I. Ember, A. Alma, A. Orosz, A. Bertaccini, and M. Kolber. 2004. Presence of stolbur phytoplasma in Cixiidae in Hungarian vineyards. Vitis 43(4): 201-203.

Rahman, M. A., Y.J. Kwon, and S.J. Suh. 2012. Sexual dimorphism documented in Reptalus iguchii (Matsumura) (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) with a description of males. Entomological Research 42: 35-43. pdf

Riedle-Bauer, M., B. Tiefenbrunner, and W. Tiefenbrunner. 2006. Untersuchungen zur Zikadenfauna (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha) einiger Weingärten Ostösterreichs und ihrer nahen Umgebung. [Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera) in and around vineyards of eastern Austria.] Linzer Biologische Beiträge 38(2) 1637-1654. pdf

Trivellone, V., F. Pinzauti., and B. Bagnoli. 2005. Reptalus quinquecostatus (Dufour) (Auchenorrhyncha Cixiidae) as a possible vector of stolbur-phytoplasma in a vineyard in Tuscany. Redia 88: 103-108.

Weintraub, P. G. 2007. Insect vectors of phytoplasmas and their control – an update. Bulletin of Insectology 60 (2): 169-173.

Wilson, S. W., C. Mitter, R. F. Denno, and M. R. Wilson. 1994. Evolutionary patterns of host plant use by delphacid planthoppers and their relatives. In: R. F. Denno and T. J. Perfect, (eds.). Planthoppers: Their Ecology and Management. Chapman and Hall, New York. Pp. 7-45 & Appendix