Genus Cedusa Fowler, 1904
Family Derbidae
Subfamily Cedusinae
Tribe Cedusini Emeljanov, 1992
= Cenchreini Muir 1917 sensu Fennah 1952, Broomfield 1985 in part; status by Emeljanov 1996
.
Genus Cedusa Fowler, 1904
Type species: Cedusa funesta Fowler, 1904.
Synonyms: None.
Distribution: Widespread in the New World
Recognized species
There are about 179 recognized Cedusa species (according to FLOW; I list 180 below). North of Mexico, 34 have been reported (including those reported in error) as follows:
1 Cedusa arizonensis Flynn & Kramer, 1983 - USA: AZ; Mexico (state not specified)
2 Cedusa australis (Metcalf, 1923) - USA: IL, LA, MI, MO, MS, TX; El Salvador, Honduras, Panama
= Herpis australis Metcalf, 1923: 196.
= Cedusa praecox (Van Duzee, 1912a: 502); syn. by McAtee 1924: 180 (error); removed from syn. by Flynn & Kramer 1983: 194-195.
= Cedusa australis (Metcalf, 1923); comb. by Flynn & Kramer 1983: 194.
3 Cedusa balli Flynn & Kramer, 1983 - USA: LA
4 Cedusa beameri Flynn & Kramer, 1983 - USA: AZ, NM, UT
5 Cedusa bedusa McAtee, 1924 - USA: AR, CA, FL, IL, LA, MS, NC, OH, VA
6 Cedusa californica (Van Duzee, 1891) - USA: AZ, CA, CO, ID, OK, OR, TX, UT (reported in error: USA: MI)
7 Cedusa carolinensis Flynn & Kramer, 1983 - USA: DC, DE, FL, GA, MD, NC, SC
8 Cedusa cedusa McAtee, 1924 - USA: DC, FL, MD, MI, MN, NY, OH, VA, WI
9 Cedusa chuluota Ball, 1928 - USA: FL, GA, NC, NJ
10 Cedusa edentula (Van Duzee, 1912a) - USA: DC, GA, IL, MD, MS, NC, NJ, OH, TN, VA (reported probably in error Puerto Rico)
= Cedusa hedusa McAtee, 1924: 184; syn. by Ball 1928: 200 (error); removed from syn. by Flynn & Kramer 1983: 194-195
11 Cedusa flavida (Van Duzee, 1907) - Jamaica (reported in error: USA: FL)
12 Cedusa gedusa McAtee, 1924 - USA: FL, GA, MD, MS, NJ, NY, PA, TN
13 Cedusa hedusa McAtee, 1924 - USA: AL, FL, GA, MD, ME, NY, OH, SC, VA; CAN: NB, ON, QC
= Cedusa hedusa McAtee, 1924: 184.
= Cedusa edentula (Van Duzee, 1912); syn. by Ball, 1928: 200 (error); removed from syn. by Flynn & Kramer 1983: 194-195
14 Cedusa incisa (Metcalf, 1923) - USA: CT, FL, IA, IL, IN, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MS, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, WI; CAN: MB, NB, ON, QC
15 Cedusa inflata (Ball, 1902b) - USA: FL; Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico
= Cedusa santaclara Myers 1928: 13; syn. by Flynn & Kramer 1983: 241.
16 Cedusa kedusa McAtee, 1924 - USA: AL, AZ, CA, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, MD, MI, MO, NC, NJ, OH, TN, VA, WI; CAN: BC, ON, QC
17 Cedusa maculata (Van Duzee, 1912a) - USA: FL, GA, IL, IN, MD, MN, MO, MS, NC, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, TN, TX; CAN: ON, QC; Costa Rica, Honduras
18 Cedusa mallochi McAtee, 1924 [Metcalf 1945: 132] - USA: DE, FL, GA, IL, IN, LA, MD, MS, NC, OH, SC, TN, VA; Honduras
19 Cedusa metcalfi Flynn & Kramer, 1983 - USA: GA, NC
20 Cedusa minuenda Ball, 1928 [Metcalf 1945: 132] - USA: FL, GA, NC
21 Cedusa neomaculata Caldwell, 1944b - USA: FL; Mexico (Oaxaca)
22 Cedusa obscura (Ball, 1902b) - USA: AR, CA, CO, CT, DC, FL, GA, IL, KS, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MS, NC, NJ, NY, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI; CAN: MB, ON, QC; Cuba, Guyana?
= Cedusa fedusa McAtee 1924: 185; syn. by Ball 1928: 200.
= Cedusa tedusa McAtee 1924: 185; syn. by Ball 1928: 200 (error); syn. with C. vulgaris (Fitch 1851) by Flynn & Kramer 1983: 184.
23 Cedusa olseni Flynn & Kramer, 1983 - USA: NC, NY, TN, WV
24 Cedusa plummeri Caldwell, 1944c - USA: AZ, TX; Costa Rica; Mexico (Federal District)
25 Cedusa praecox (Van Duzee, 1912a) - USA: AZ (reported in error: USA: TX)
= Herpis australis Metcalf, 1923: 196; syn. by McAtee 1924: 180; removed from syn. by Flynn & Kramer 1983: 194-195.
26 Cedusa redusa McAtee, 1924 - USA: DE, FL, GA, KY, MD, NC, VA
27 Cedusa shawi Flynn & Kramer, 1983 - USA: GA, MD, NC, TX
28 Cedusa siopa Kramer, 1986 - USA: TX; Mexico (San Luis Potosí)
29 Cedusa vanduzeei Flynn & Kramer, 1983 - USA: TX
30 Cedusa vulgaris (Fitch, 1851) - USA: AR, CA, CT, DC, DE, GA, IA, IL, KS, MD, ME, MI, MS, NC, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, TN, TX, VA; CAN: ON, QC
= Lamenia vulgaris (Fitch, 1851); lapsus by Proctor 1946: 95.
= Cedusa tedusa McAtee 1924: 185; syn. by Flynn & Kramer 1983: 184
31 Cedusa widisca Kramer, 1986 - USA: TX
32 Cedusa woodsholensis Flynn & Kramer, 1983 - USA: MA, NC
33 Cedusa xenga Kramer, 1986 - USA: FL, TX
34 Cedusa zaxoza Kramer, 1986 - USA: FL
Neotropical taxa (may include species also reported above) (list adopted from unpublished list compiled by Lois O'Brien)
1 Cedusa albolineata Fennah 1952:144 - Panama, Venezuela
2 Cedusa alexanderi Flynn & Kramer 1983:209 - Brazil
3 Cedusa andara Kramer 1986:289 - Panama
4 Cedusa apicata Caldwell 1944:448 - Mexico
Cedusa arizonensis Flynn & Kramer 1983:217 - USA, Mexico
Cedusa australis (Metcalf 1923:196) - USA, Honduras, Panama
5 Cedusa aziza Kramer 1986:277 - Mexico
6 Cedusa balloui Flynn & Kramer 1983:242 - Cuba
7 Cedusa belma Kramer 1986:263 - Panama
8 Cedusa blantoni Flynn & Kramer 1983:223 - Panama
9 Cedusa bolopa Kramer 1986:309 - Brazil
10 Cedusa braziliensis Flynn & Kramer 1983:205 - Argentina, Brazil
11 Cedusa bruneri Flynn & Kramer 1983:153 - Cuba
12 Cedusa caldwelli Flynn & Kramer 1983:189 - Mexico
13 Cedusa carranzensis Caldwell 1944:449 - Belize, Guatemala, Mexico
14 Cedusa carropia Kramer 1986:281 - Panama
15 Cedusa caribbensis Caldwell 1950:205 - Puerto Rico
16 Cedusa catasia Kramer 1986:264 - Panama
17 Cedusa colona Caldwll 1950:205 - Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico
18 Cedusa costaricensis F & K 1983:140 - Costa Rica
19 Cedusa cubensis Flynn & Kramer 1983:190 - Cuba
20 Cedusa cyanea Fennah 1952:174 - Trinidad
21 Cedusa dampfi Caldwell 1944:453 - Mexico, Panama
22 Cedusa delongi Caldwell 1944:449 - El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama
23 Cedusa dilbata Kramer 1986:257 - Panama
24 Cedusa dietzi Flynn & Kramer 1983:221 - Panama
25 Cedusa digitata Caldwell 1944:451 - Belize, Mexico
26 Cedusa drilda Kramer 1986:262 - Guatemala
27 Cedusa dubiata Caldwell 1944:450 - Mexico
28 Cedusa ecuadorensis Flynn & Kramer 1983 - Ecuador
29 Cedusa edox Kramer 1986:261 - Panama
30 Cedusa elongata Caldwell 1944:450 - Mexico
31 Cedusa enosala Kramer 1986:269 - Panama
32 Cedusa febora Kramer 1986:260 - Panama
33 Cedusa fennahi Flynn & Kramer 1983:252 - French Guiana
34 Cedusa fitchiella Flynn & Kramer 1983:250 - Brazil
35 Cedusa flavida (Van Duzee 1907:36) - Jamaica
36 Cedusa flynni Kramer 1986:287 - Argentina
37 Cedusa fowleri Flynn & Kramer 1983:224 - Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Pan
38 Cedusa funesta Fowler 1904:112 - Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama
= Cedusa tropicalis Caldwell 1944:452 (syn. by Flynn & Kramer 1983:239)
39 Cedusa furcata Caldwell 1944:450 - Belize, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama
40 Cedusa fuscata Caldwell 1944:448 - Mexico
41 Cedusa gonuga Kramer 1986:264 - Panama
42 Cedusa grancara Kramer 1986:303 - Mexico
43 Cedusa hampora Kramer 1986:283 - Panama
44 Cedusa hyola Kramer 1986:293 - Mexico
45 Cedusa impada Kramer 1986:254 - Panama
Cedusa inflata (Ball 102:262) - USA, Cuba, Dominican Republic Puerto Rico,
= Cedusa santaclara Myers 1928:13, (syn. by Flynn & Kramer 1983:241)
Cedusa inflata dominica Fennah 1952:145 - Dominica
46 Cedusa insularis Flynn & Kramer 1983:192 - Cuba
47 Cedusa irengana Fennah 1944:9 - Brazil, Panama, Trinidad
= Cedusa rubiventris Fennah 1945:446 (syn. by Flynn & Kramer 1983:231)
48 Cedusa isinara Kramer 1986:299 - Mexico
49 Cedusa isthmusensis Flynn & Kramer 1983:202 - Panama
50 Cedusa janola Kramer 1986:272 - Costa Rica, Panama
51 Cedusa jarata Kramer 1986:274 - Mexico
52 Cedusa jinwista Kramer 1986:290 - Guyana
53 Cedusa kalala Kramer 1986:274 - Mexico
54 Cedusa kinoxa Kramer 1986:295 - Panama
55 Cedusa kulashi F&K 1983:158 - Mexico
56 Cedusa ledusa McAtee1924:184 - Brazil
57 Cedusa lineata Caldwell 1944:448 - Mexico
58 Cedusa lugubrina (Stål 1862:8) - Brazil
59 Cedusa lumeda Kramer 1986:283 - Panama
60 Cedusa macateei Flynn & Kramer 1983:181 - Brazil
Cedusa maculata (Van Duzee 1912:503) - USA, Canada, Costa Rica, Honduras
61 Cedusa mallochi McAtee 1924:184 - Honduras
62 Cedusa marlota Kramer 1986:255 - Panama
63 Cedusa martini Flynn & Kramer 1983:155 - Mexico
64 Cedusa medusa McAtee 1924:184 - Belize, Honduras, Mexico
65 Cedusa mexicana Caldwell 1944:449 - El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico
66 Cedusa morrisoni Flynn & Kramer 1983:149 - British Guiana
67 Cedusa muiri Flynn & Kramer 1983:146 - Costa Rica
68 Cedusa mutilata Caldwell 1944:451 - Mexico
69 Cedusa nedusa Caldwell 1944:453 - Belize, Honduras, Mexico
70 Cedusa neodigitata Caldwell 1944:105 - Costa Rica, Nicaragua
Cedusa neomaculata Caldwell 1944:447 - USA, Mexico
71 Cedusa nortoma Kramer 1986:253 - Panama
72 Cedusa noxora Kramer 1986:299 - Mexico
Cedusa obscura (Ball 1902:262), comb. (from Lamenia) by Flynn & Kramer 1983:212 -USA, Canada, Cuba
73 Cedusa olasca Kramer 1986:266 - Panama
74 Cedusa ozda Kramer 1986:290 - Mexico
75 Cedusa pacuta Kramer 1986:301 - Brazil
76 Cedusa panamensis Flynn & Kramer 1983 - Panama
77 Cedusa pedusa McAtee 1924:186 - Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala., Hond., Panama
78 Cedusa peruensis Flynn & Kramer 1983:246 - Peru
79 Cedusa pipsewa Kramer 1986:266 - Panama
80 Cedusa plaumani Flynn & Kramer 1983:144 - Brazil
Cedusa plummeri Caldwell 1944:452 -USA, Costa Rica, Mexico
81 Cedusa poochia Kramer 1986:269 - Costa Rica
82 Cedusa pseudomaculata Caldwell 1944:447 - Guatemala, Mexico
83 Cedusa quimata Kramer 1986:293 - Mexico
84 Cedusa quinteca Kramer 1986:278 - Dominican Republic
85 Cedusa remetti Flynn & Kramer 1983:188 - Brazil
86 Cedusa reota Kramer 1986:256 - Panama
87 Cedusa roseifrons Kramer 1986:302 - Mexico
88 Cedusa sanctaecatharinae Flynn & Kramer 1983 - Brazil
89 Cedusa senbara Kramer 1986:286 - Panama
90 Cedusa serrata Caldwell 1944:451 - Mexico
91 Cedusa similis Caldwell 1944:452 - Mexico
92 Cedusa simplex Flynn & Kramer 1983:182 - Brazil
Cedusa siopa Kramer 1986:311 - Mexico
93 Cedusa stali Flynn & Kramer 1983:204 - Argentina, Brazil
94 Cedusa tincta Caldwell 1944:451 - Belize, Mexico
95 Cedusa tuvaga Kramer 1986:258 - Panama
96 Cedusa ulora Kramer 1986:292 - Ecuador
97 Cedusa unsera Kramer 1986:293 - Panama
98 Cedusa uzama Kramer 1986:308 - Mexico
99 Cedusa varopa Kramer 1986:307 - Brazil
100 Cedusa vedusa McAtee 1924:185 - Mexico
101 Cedusa venosa Fowler 1904:112 - Mexico
102 Cedusa vidola Kramer 1986:310 - Panama
103 Cedusa whitei Flynn & Kramer 1983:173 - Belize, Guatemala
104 Cedusa wontula Kramer 1986:280 - Panama
105 Cedusa woodyga Kramer 1986:268 - Panama
106 Cedusa wolcotti Muir, 1924 - Puerto Rico (*Flynn & Kramer say this species is not a Cedusa, but do not place it in another genus.)
107 Cedusa xipola Kramer 1986:284 - Panama
108 Cedusa xumara Kramer 1986:296 - Ecuador
109 Cedusa yarosa Kramer 1986:286 - Argentina
110 Cedusa yipara Kramer 1986:276 - Brazil
111 Cedusa yowza Kramer 1986:275 - Panama
112 Cedusa zantata Kramer 1986:307 - Panama
113 Cedusa zedusa Caldwell 1944:450 - Mexico
114 Cedusa zeteki Flynn & Kramer 1983:177 - Panama
Old World Cedusa (list adopted from FLOW) (distribution data to be added later)
1 Cedusa angolensis (Van Stalle, 1984)
2 Cedusa baylissae† Szwedo & Ross, 2003 (fossil)
3 Cedusa bicolor (Van Stalle, 1984)
4 Cedusa borneensis Muir, 1913
5 Cedusa brachycara (Van Stalle, 1986)
6 Cedusa cocos (Van Stalle, 1984)
7 Cedusa coerulea (Van Stalle, 1984)
8 Cedusa complicata (Van Stalle, 1984)
9 Cedusa consimilis (Van Stalle, 1984)
10 Cedusa credula† Emeljanov & Shcherbakov, 2000 (fossil)
11 Cedusa cydippe (Linnavuori, 1973)
12 Cedusa exiqua (Van Stalle, 1984)
13 Cedusa flava (Van Stalle, 1984)
14 Cedusa flavescens (Van Stalle, 1984)
15 Cedusa flavicephala (Van Stalle, 1984)
16 Cedusa furcifera (Van Stalle, 1984)
17 Cedusa isinica (Dlabola, 1986)
18 Cedusa jacobii Metcalf, 1945
19 Cedusa kilisica (Dlabola, 1986)
20 Cedusa kivuensis (Van Stalle, 1984)
21 Cedusa kulia (Kirkaldy, 1906)
22 Cedusa licea (Dlabola, 1979)
23 Cedusa masirica (Dlabola, 1986)
24 Cedusa mesasiatica (Dubovsky, 1965)
25 Cedusa minuta (Van Stalle, 1984)
26 Cedusa montana (Van Stalle, 1984)
27 Cedusa monticola (Van Stalle, 1984)
28 Cedusa pseudonigripes (Van Stalle, 1984)
29 Cedusa spinosa (Metcalf, 1945)
30 Cedusa striata (Van Stalle, 1984)
31 Cedusa turkestanica (Dubovsky, 1965)
32 Cedusa ussurica (Anufriev, 1968)
Economic Importance:
Possibly a vector of phytoplasmas associated with diseases of sugarcane and other plants (esp. in the Caribbean); Cedusa vulgaris has been implicated as a pest of hawthorn.
Known host plants:
Derbidae are known or assumed to feed on fungal hyphae as immatures. The significance of adult host associations are unclear. Cedusa inflata adults have been shown to perch on palms near 'decaying debris', which is the habitat of the larvae (Howard et al. 2001).
Cedusa aburiensis - Elaeis Jacq. (oil palm, Arecaceae), Raphia vinifera P. Beauv. (West African piassava palm)
Cedusa californica - Salix (Willow, Salicaceae)
Cedusa caribbensis - Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. (elephant grass, Poaceae)
Cedusa cedusa - Carex (sedge, Cyperaceae), Osmunda L. (fern, Osmundaceae)
Cedusa chuluota - Woodwardia Sm. (chainfern, Blechnaceae)
Cedusa incisa - Betula (birch, Betulaceae), Andropogon (Poaceae)
Cedusa kedusa - Platanus occidentalis L. (American sycamore, Platanaceae)
Cedusa mallochi - Rosa (Rosaceae)
Cedusa nigripes - Palms
Cedusa vulgaris - Crataegus L. (hawthorn, Rosaceae)
Cedusa wolcotti - Palms
Hosts from Wilson et al. 1994; plant names from USDA PLANTS or Tropicos.
Recognition:
Cedusa sp. (all photographs and drawings by Kimberley Shropshire, University of Delaware)
This genus on bugguide. Gernot Kunz also has some photos of this genus from Costa Rica (Cedusa sp. 3.2cf is possibly C. maculata).
Collecting
Common - collected frequently by sweeping.
Molecular resources: Genbank has data for Cedusa obscura and Cedusa spp.; Barcode of Life has data for 6 species (Cedusa californica, C. hedusa, C. incisa, C. maculata, Cedusa sp., C. vulgaris)
Selected references: (synoptic list)
Arocha, Y., M. Lopez, B. Piñol, M. Fernandez, B. Picornell, R. Almeida R, I. Palenzuela, M. R. Wilson, and P. Jones. 2005. Candidatus phytoplasma graminis' and candidatus phytoplasma caricae, two novel phytoplasmas associated with diseases of sugarcane, weeds and papaya in Cuba. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 55(6): 2451-2463.
Brown, S. E., Been, B. O., & McLaughlin, W. A. 2006. Detection and variability of the lethal yellowing group (16Sr IV) phytoplasmas in the Cedusa sp. (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Derbidae) in Jamaica. Annals of Applied Biology, 149(1): 53-62.
Caldwell, J. S. 1944. The genus Cedusa in Mexico and Central America. (Hem. Fulg.). Anales de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas 3: 445-454[462?].
Dlabola, J. 1979. Insects of Saudi Arabia. Homoptera. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 1: 115-139.
Dlabola, J. 1986. Neue arten der fulgoromorphen zikaden-familien vom mittelmeergebiet und nahen osten (Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha: Cixiidae, Meenoplidae, Derbidae, Dictyopharidae, Lophopidae und Issidae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 42: 169-193.
Emeljanov, A. F. & D. E. Shcherbakov. 2000. Kinnaridae and Derbidae (Homoptera, Fulgoroidea) from the Dominican amber. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Monatshefte 7: 438-448.
Fennah, R. G. 1952. On the generic classification of Derbidae (Fulgoroidea), with descriptions of new Neotropical species. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 103(4): 109-170.
Flynn, J. E. and J. P. Kramer. 1983. Taxonomic study of the planthopper genus Cedusa in the Americas (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). Entomography 2: 121-260.
Howard, F. W., T. J. Weissling, & L. B. O'Brien. 2001. The larval habitat of Cedusa inflata (hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Derbidae) and its relationship with adult distribution on palms. Florida Entomologist 84(1): 119-122.
Kramer, J. P. 1986. Supplement to a taxonomic study of the planthopper genus Cedusa in the Americas (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Derbidae). Entomography 4: 245-314.
Linnavuori, R. E. 1973. Hemiptera of the Sudan, with remarks on some species of the adjacent countries. 2. Homoptera Auchenorrhyncha: Cicodidae, Cercopidae, Machaerotidae, Membracidae and Fulgoroidea. (Zoological contribution from the Finnish expeditions to the Sudan No. 33). Notulae Entomologicae 53(3): 65-137.
Muir, F.A.G. 1924. New and little-know Fulgorids from the West Indies (Homoptera). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society. Honolulu 5: 461-472.
Szwedo, J. and A.J. Ross. 2003. Cedusa baylissae sp. nov. from Oligocene/Miocene Mexican amber (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Derbidae). Annals of the Upper Silesia Museum, Entomology 12: 37–46.
Van Duzee, E. P. 1912. Hemipterological gleanings. Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences 10: 477-512.
Van Stalle, J. 1984. New and interesting African Derbidae (Homoptera, Fulgoroidea). Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (1983) 55(1): 1-61.
Van Stalle, J. 1986. Les Derbides de la Forêt de Taï (Côte D’Ivoire), Tribus Cenchreini et Otiocerini Description de dix-neuf espècies nouvelles (Homoptera, Fulgoromorpha). Revue Française d'Entomologie 7(5): 241-255.
Wilson, S. W., C. Mitter, R. F. Denno, and M. R. Wilson.1994. Evolutionary patterns of host plant use by delphacid planthoppers and their relatives. In: R. F. Denno and T. J. Perfect, (eds.). Planthoppers: Their Ecology and Management. Chapman and Hall, New York. Pp. 7-45 & Appendix
