Name ___________________________
ANSC 332 FIRST HOUR EXAM
INTRO TO ANIMAL DISEASES MARCH 6, 1997
1. Define or describe the following: (15 pts)
Infectious vs. non-infectious animal disease
Bacterial cell morphologies
R-plasmids
Eucaryotic vs. Procaryotic cell
Bacterial lawn
2. Identify and describe the function of the bacterial structures labeled with letters A-G in the cartoon below. (16 pts)
3. You are a microbiologist working in a veterinary diagnostic laboratory. You have isolated several different bacteria from blood cultures from young pigs many of which died. (10 pts)
a. How would you isolate the causative bacteria?
b. How might the growth characteristics of the bacteria affect your isolation methods?
c. What term describes the presence of bacteria in the blood?
d. Assuming that several different bacteria are involved in the infectious how might you determine what antibiotic(s) might be effective in treating the infection? Please explain.
e. What other considerations must be made prior to selecting the antibiotic for treatment?
4. Some bacteria produce exotoxins:
a. What are exotoxins and how do they contribute to disease? (2 pts)
b. Give an example of a bacterial exotoxin and its specific effect on the host. (2 pts)
5. Matching: Bacterial Growth Characteristics and Conditions. (16 pts)
COLUMN A COLUMN B
A. Lag phase _____ Phase when numbers of bacteria increase logarithmically
B. Bactericidal _____ Antibiotic action that stops bacterial growth
C. Stationary phase _____ Normal, actively-growing bacteria
D. Endospore _____ Initial stage of bacterial growth during culture
E. Log phase _____ Phase where the maximum potential growth of
the bacteria is realized
F. Decline phase _____ Antibiotic action that kills the bacteria
G. Bacteriostatic _____ Resistant resting stage of bacteria
H. Vegetative cell _____ Phase most associated with endospore formation
6. Outline the events in the pathogenesis of equine strangles. (6 pts)
What is the best strategy for preventing the introduction of strangles into a herd? (3 pts)
True and False. Please circle T or F. (2 pts. each)
1. Bacterial endospores are inactivated by exposure to sunlight and desiccation.
T or F
2. Standard conditions for autoclaving are
T or F
3. Anthrax is a zoonotic disease affecting many warm-blood animals but not human when the numbers of cases of a disease falls.
T or F
4. When the number of cases of a disease falls within the expected limits for that disease, it is termed enzootic.
T or F
5. Bactericidal antibiotics are more effective than bacteriostatic antibiotics for treating infections.
T or F
6. Lysozyme is antibacterial because it degrades the polysaccharide backbone molecule of the cell wall.
T or F
7. Penicillin is a structural analog of para-amino benzoic acid, an essential component in the biosynthesis of folic acid.
T or F
8. Most abscesses caused by bacterial infectious respond to antibiotic therapy.
T or F
9. Cephalosporins are antibacterial because they inhibit cell wall biosynthesis.
T or F
10. Normal flora are permanently altered by antibiotic therapy.
T or F
Multiple Choice: Circle the single best response to each of the following. (2 pts. each)
1. Leptospirosis:
a. is a highly host specific disease
b. is acquired via contact of skin or mucous membranes with contaminated feces
c. is caused by a spiral form bacteria
d. a and c
e. b and c
2. Chronic respiratory disease in poultry:
a. is caused by infections with mycoplasma, certain viruses and other bacteria
b. is enhanced by cold weather
c. is characterized by tracheitis and airsacculitis
d. b and c
e. all of the above
3. The disease agent of tetanus:
a. produces a potent neurotoxin
b. requires O2 for growth
c. is highly contagious
d. is readily inactivated by detergents
e. a and c
4. Aspergillosis:
a. is caused by a bacterium, Aspergillus fumigatus
b. is also termed brooder pneumonia in poultry
c. may affect other avian species other than poultry
d. b and c
e. all of the above
5. Tuberculosis:
a. is caused by three different species of mycobacteria
b. is a respiratory disease in chickens and cattle
c. control in cattle is based on a test and slaughter eradication program
d. a and c
e. all of the above
1. Bovine spongioform encephalopathy:
a. is a non-fatal neurological disease of cattle
b. is highly contagious with a long incubation period
c. is acquired through the feed
d. is successfully treated with antibiotics and vitamin therapy
e. none of the above